Nippon Steel
Steel & IronJapanDemo Report

Overview

Climate risk summary for Nippon Steel — Steel & Iron, Japan

Nippon Steel is Japan's largest steelmaker and one of the world's leading steel producers, supplying high-grade steel to automotive, construction, and infrastructure sectors. As an integrated blast-furnace operator, Nippon Steel faces significant transition risks from carbon pricing and the shift to low-carbon steelmaking, alongside physical climate risks to its coastal manufacturing facilities.

Emissions

Greenhouse gas emissions across all scopes — current year and reduction trajectory

Scope 1 Emissions
64M
tCO₂e
70.2% of total
Scope 2 Emissions
11M
tCO₂e
12.6% of total
Scope 3 Emissions
16M
tCO₂e
17.2% of total
WACI — Scope 1
1091.5
tCO₂e / $M revenue
WACI — Scope 1 & 2
1287.4
tCO₂e / $M revenue
WACI — All Scopes
1555.5
tCO₂e / $M revenue
Baseline Trajectory
Emissions without active decarbonisation targets (MtCO₂e)
Targets-Based Trajectory
Emissions assuming company reduction targets are met (MtCO₂e)
How are these emissions estimated?

Emissions are modelled using machine learning models trained on reported emissions from 9,000+ public companies. Non-linear patterns are encoded into estimates using financial metrics as inputs.

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Climate Risk

Financial value at risk from transition and physical climate exposures

Climate Scenario
Assumptions used for this analysis
A range of financial assumptions can affect the climate transition risk analysis where carbon pricing is applied throughout the pro forma.
EV/EBITDA: 6.51xP/E Ratio: 13.00xCOGS (% of Revenue): 60.0%SG&A (% of Revenue): 6.0%Accounts Receivable (% of Revenue): 10.0%Accounts Payable (% of Revenue): 8.0%Revenue Growth Rate: 4.0%CapEx (% of Revenue): 4.0%Interest Rate: 5.0%Tax Rate: 5.0%Dividend Payout Ratio: 65.0%Max Cash (% of Revenue): 10Debt Adjustment Toggle (1=On, 0=Off): 1FCF Threshold ($M): $0MWACC (Discount Rate): 8.0%
Total Climate Value at Risk
Scenario: NGFS Below 2°C · USD millions · $0 = no risk, more negative = greater exposure

Transition Risk

Financial impact of carbon pricing, regulatory costs, and market transition on company value

2025 Annual Carbon Cost
$576M
1.0% of revenue
NPV Total Carbon Exposure
$17B
Net present value of all future carbon costs
Enterprise Value Erosion
-13.2%
-$5.0B on current EV
Carbon Cost Trajectory
Scenario: NGFS Below 2°C · USD millions
EBITDA Impact of Carbon Pricing
Baseline vs Targets based EBITDA impact · USD millions
Pro Forma Financials from carbon budget and price
Scenario: NGFS Below 2°C
USD millions
Metric2025 Baseline2025 w/ Targets2030 Baseline2030 w/ Targets2050 Baseline2050 w/ Targets
Income Statement
EBITDA-$576.1M-$576.1M-$1.5B-$1.4B-$10.0B-$1.2B
EBITDA Margin-0.0%-0.0%-0.0%-0.0%-0.1%-0.0%
EBIT-$576.1M-$576.1M-$1.5B-$1.4B-$10.0B-$1.2B
Net Income-$547.3M-$547.3M-$1.5B-$1.3B-$9.5B-$1.2B
Net Income Margin-0.0%-0.0%-0.0%-0.0%-0.1%-0.0%
Carbon Cost
Carbon Cost$576.1M$576.1M$1.5B$1.4B$10.0B$1.2B
Carbon Cost % Revenue0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.1%0.0%
Carbon Cost Cash Outflow$576.1M$576.1M$1.5B$1.4B$10.0B$1.2B
NPV Carbon Costs$32.5B$16.6B
Balance Sheet & Credit
Total Assets$0.0M$0.0M-$1.9B-$1.8B-$36.1B-$13.2B
Total Debt$0.0M$0.0M$0.0M$0.0M$0.0M$0.0M
Total Equity$0.0M$0.0M-$1.9B-$1.8B-$36.1B-$13.2B
Retained Earnings$0.0M$0.0M-$1.9B-$1.8B-$36.1B-$13.2B
Debt / EBITDA0.030.030.050.050.080.01
Interest Coverage-0.69-0.69-1.83-1.68-11.97-1.48
Cash Flow
Free Cash Flow (Levered)-$547.3M-$547.3M-$1.5B-$1.3B-$9.5B-$1.2B
Ending Cash Position$0.0M$0.0M-$1.9B-$1.8B-$36.1B-$13.2B
Valuation
Debt/EBITDA ratio0.030.030.050.050.080.01
EV/EBITDA Valuation-$1.1B-$1.1B-$2.5B-$2.3B-$7.4B-$914.8M
P/E Valuation-$1.4B-$1.4B-$2.9B-$2.6B-$7.9B-$978.5M
EV Erosion (DCF)-$0.3M-$0.1M
Blended TVaR-$1.2B-$1.2B-$2.7B-$2.5B-$7.6B-$946.6M

Market Based Physical Risk

Enterprise value at risk from acute and chronic physical climate hazards

Market-Based Physical Value at Risk (PVaR)
Enterprise value at risk from acute and chronic physical hazards · company-level · Baseline scenario
2025 Total PVaR
$7.97M
NGFS Below 2°C
2030 Total PVaR
$12M
NGFS Below 2°C
2050 Total PVaR
$48M
NGFS Below 2°C
Total PVaR Trajectory
By scenario · USD millions

Asset Climate Hazard Analysis

Climate hazard exposure across 26 assets — average annual loss by peril and scenario

Current AAL (Baseline 1980)
$113M
RCP 4.5 AAL (2050)
$747M
RCP 8.5 AAL (2050)
$963M
Portfolio AAL Composition
Baseline + 2050 RCP 8.5 delta by hazard · USD / yr
BaselineRCP 8.5 Δ
Top Assets by Climate Δ AAL
2050 RCP 8.5 increase vs. baseline · USD / yr · top 5
AAL by Hazard Type
Portfolio total · click a pin to explore an asset
Asset value: $36B
How is Average Annual Loss (AAL) calculated?

AAL represents the expected financial loss from a physical hazard in any given year, averaged across all possible event intensities and their probabilities. It is derived from hazard models that combine historical climate data with forward-looking scenario projections, applied to each asset's location, construction type, and replacement value. Baseline AAL reflects current climate conditions; Scenario AAL incorporates projected shifts in hazard frequency and severity under each warming pathway.

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Asset Exposure Detail
AssetValueWildfire AALCyclone AALCoastal Flood AALRiver Flood AAL
BaselineRCP 4.5RCP 8.5BaselineRCP 4.5RCP 8.5BaselineRCP 4.5RCP 8.5BaselineRCP 4.5RCP 8.5
Nippon Kyushu Works (Oita Area, Oita) steel plant$5.0B$16K$14K$21K$49250K$302884K$335000K$702K$663K$413K
Nippon Kyushu Works (Yawata Area, Tobata) steel plant$1.5B$0K$0K$0K$9742K$62837K$100500K$4628K$9982K$10247K$69K$431K$105K
Nippon East Japan Works (Kimitsu) steel plant$5.1B$0K$0K$0K$10106K$115325K$161837K
Nippon East Japan Works (Kashima) steel plant$3.8B$0K$9248K$61211K$85946K
Nippon Kansai Works (Wakayama Area, Wakayama) steel plant$1.3B$97K$0K$2126K$32472K$54345K$5235K$4046K$3230K
Oita Co-operative power plant$530M$2K$2K$2K$5221K$32106K$35510K$74K$70K$44K
Nippon Steel Oita Works power station$260M$1K$1K$1K$2561K$15750K$17420K$37K$34K$21K
Clairton Works$1.6B$0K$0K$2475K$4590K$5000K
Nippon Steel (NSC) Kashima Works power station$930M$0K$2263K$14981K$21034K
Kimitsu power station$1.0B$0K$0K$0K$1982K$22613K$31733K$83K$1091K$1646K
Kashima Kyodo power station$800M$0K$1947K$12887K$18094K
Nippon Setouchi Works (Hirohata Area) steel plant$1.2B$18K$0K$1515K$20034K$33785K$22K$101K$18K
Mon Valley Works$2.3B$0K$0K$1333K$2226K$2417K
Nippon Setouchi Works (Kure Area) steel plant$300M$0K$627K$5370K$8069K
Nippon Nagoya steel plant$3.0B$0K$0K$0K$428K$11862K$14871K
Wakayama Joint power station$240M$19K$0K$408K$6235K$10434K
Hirohata Works power station$260M$4K$0K$328K$4341K$7320K$5K$22K$4K
Toyohashi Akemi power station$20M$1K$0K$1K$39K$323K$489K$246K$303K$353K$7K$5K$3K
Tokai Kyodo power station$120M$0K$0K$0K$17K$474K$595K$207K$342K$363K
Nippon Steel Kitakyushu Cement Plant$30M$0K$0K$0K$195K$1257K$2010K$1K$5K$1K$9K$2K
Kamaishi Works power station$150M$27K$96K$77K
U.S. Steel Kosice Works power station$340M$5K$9K$21K
North Nippon Muroran Works steel plant$800M$0K$1K$1K
NSC Muroran Works power station$240M$0K$0K$0K
Nippon Steel Muroran Cement Plant$35M$0K$0K$0K
Gary Works$4.8B